Samanar Malai – A Historical and Archaeological Treasure
Samanar Malai, also known as Samanar Hills, is a site of historical and archaeological significance located near Keelakuyilkudi village, approximately 10 kilometers west of Madurai in Tamil Nadu, India. This rocky hill complex stretches over 3 kilometers and is renowned for its ancient Jain and Hindu monuments, offering a fascinating glimpse into the region’s rich cultural heritage.
Historical Significance
The hills are dotted with numerous caves and inscriptions dating from the 2nd century BCE to the 12th century CE, primarily associated with Jainism. The term “Samanar” means “Jain” in Tamil, and “Malai” translates to “hill,” hence the name “Jain Hill.” These caves once served as monastic dwellings for Jain monks. Particularly notable are the Settipodavu and Pechipallam sites, known for their intricate carvings and inscriptions.
Major Attractions
- Settipodavu Cave: Located on the southwestern face of the hill, this cave features an image believed to be of Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara. Visitors can also see carvings of three Tirthankaras and depictions of Jain deities such as Ambika Devi and Padmavati Devi.
- Pechipallam Site: Situated on the southeastern slope, this site showcases a row of eight Jain figures, including representations of Parshvanatha and Bahubali. It includes inscriptions from the 9th and 10th centuries CE that shed light on the religious history of the region.
- Foot of the Hill: At the base of the hills, visitors can find the Karuppanasamy Temple, dedicated to a local rural deity, and a serene lotus pond, adding to the spiritual ambiance of the area.
Visitor Information
- Location: Near Keelakuyilkudi village, about 10 km west of Madurai, Tamil Nadu.
- Accessibility: The site is easily accessible from Madurai by road, requiring about a 30-minute drive by car.
- Opening Hours: Open daily from 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM.
- Entry Fee: There is no entry fee to visit Samanar Malai.
Best Time to Visit
The ideal time to explore Samanar Hills is during the cooler months from October to March, when the weather is pleasant and suitable for hiking and sightseeing, avoiding the harsh summer heat.
A visit to Samanar Malai offers a unique opportunity to explore Tamil Nadu’s ancient historical and cultural roots. It provides a peaceful escape from urban life and a chance to appreciate early art, architecture, and spiritual heritage.